Science,迷信 7 JUL 2023, Volume 381 Issue 6653

《迷信》2023年7月7日，第381卷，出书6653期

物理Physics

An improved bound on the electron’s electric dipole moment

电子电偶极矩的周论改善丈量

▲ 作者：TANYA S. ROUSSY, LUKE CALDWELL et al.

▲ 链接  ：

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adg4084

▲ 摘要：

宇宙中物资以及反物资的不屈衡为追寻未被发现的、违背电荷宇称对于称的文导粒子提供了强烈的能源。与这些新粒子相关的迷信场的真空晃动的相互熏染将引起电子的电偶极矩（eEDM）。咱们运用份子离子外部的出书电子  ，接受重大的周论份子内电场
，并相关演化长达3秒，文导提出了迄今为止最精确的迷信eEDM丈量措施
。

咱们的出书服从比此前的最佳下限提升了约2.4倍 。咱们的周论服从为新物理学的普遍种别提供了1013电子伏特以上的限度，逾越了之后或者未来多少十年可能可用的文导粒子对于撞机的直接规模 。

▲ Abstract：

The迷信 imbalance of matter and antimatter in our Universe provides compelling motivation to search for undiscovered particles that violate charge-parity sy妹妹etry. Interactions with vacuum fluctuations of the fields associated with these new particles will induce an electric dipole moment of the electron (eEDM). We present the most precise measurement yet of the eEDM using electrons confined inside molecular ions, subjected to a huge intramolecular electric field, and evolving coherently for up to 3 seconds. Our result is consistent with zero and improves on the previous best upper bound by a factor of ~2.4. Our results provide constraints on broad classes of new physics above 1013 electron volts, beyond the direct reach of the current particle colliders or those likely to be available in the coming decades.

Direct observation of nonlocal fermion pairing in an attractive Fermi-Hubbard gas

排汇费米-哈伯德气体中非局域费米子配对于的直接审核

▲ 作者 ：THOMAS HARTKE, BOTOND OREG et al.

▲ 链接：

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ade4245

▲ 摘要 ：

咱们直接审核了哈伯德晶格气体中费米子配对于的非局域性子，在双层显微镜下运用约 1000个费米子钾-40原子妨碍自旋以及密度分说成像。出书残缺的周论费米子对于揭示了随着引力削减而消逝的全局自旋涨落 。

在强相关形态下，咱们发现费米子对于的巨细与粒子间的平均间距相同 。咱们的钻研为强相关费米子零星的赝隙行动提供了实际凭证。

▲ Abstract：

We directly observe the nonlocal nature of fermion pairing in a Hubbard lattice gas, using spin- and density-resolved imaging of 1000 fermionic potassium-40 atoms under a bilayer microscope. Complete fermion pairing is revealed by the vanishing of global spin fluctuations with increasing attraction. In the strongly correlated regime, the fermion pair size is found to be on the order of the average interparticle spacing. Our study informs theories of pseudo-gap behavior in strongly correlated fermion systems.

质料迷信Materials Science

A lithium superionic conductor for millimeter-thick battery electrode

一种用于毫米厚电池电极的锂超离子导体

▲ 作者 ：YUXIANG LI, SUBIN SONG, HANSEUL KIM et al.

▲ 链接 ：

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.add7138

▲ 摘要 ：

运用高熵质料的特色
 ，咱们经由削减已经知锂超离子导体的成份重大性 ，妄想了一种高离子导电固体电解质，可能消除了离子迁移拦阻 ，同时坚持超离子传导的妄想框架。

其组成重大的分解相
，展现出离子电导率的后退 。咱们揭示了高导电性固体电解质可能在室温下对于厚锂离子电池阴极妨碍充电以及放电，从而有后劲修正传统的电池配置装备部署 。

▲ Abstract ：

Taking advantage of the properties of high-entropy materials, we have designed a highly ion-conductive solid electrolyte by increasing the compositional complexity of a known lithium superionic conductor to eliminate ion migration barriers while maintaining the structural framework for superionic conduction. The synthesized phase with a compositional complexity showed an improved ion conductivity. We showed that the highly conductive solid electrolyte enables charge and discharge of a thick lithium-ion battery cathode at room temperature and thus has potential to change conventional battery configurations.

Interface engineering for high-performance, triple-halide perovskite–silicon tandem solar cells

高功能的三卤化物钙钛矿—硅串联太阳能电池 

▲ 作者：SILVIA MARIOTTI, EIKE K?HNEN et al.

▲ 链接：

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adf5872

▲ 摘要：

后退双端单片钙钛矿—硅串联太阳能电池的晃动性以及功能需要增减轻组损失。经由将三卤化物钙钛矿（带隙为1.68电子伏）与碘化哌嗪相散漫，咱们改善了能带部署，削减了非辐射重组损失，并增强了电子抉择打仗处的电子提取 。这样 ，太阳能电池展现，p-i-n单结的开路电压高达1.28伏，钙钛矿—硅串联太阳能电池的开路电压高达2伏。串联电池的认证功率转换功能高达32.5%。

▲ Abstract 
：

Improved stability and efficiency of two-terminal monolithic perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells will require reductions in recombination losses. By combining a triple-halide perovskite (1.68 electron volt bandgap) with a piperazinium iodide interfacial modification, we improved the band alignment, reduced nonradiative recombination losses, and enhanced charge extraction at the electron-selective contact. Solar cells showed open-circuit voltages of up to 1.28 volts in p-i-n single junctions and 2.00 volts in perovskite-silicon tandem solar cells. The tandem cells achieve certified power conversion efficiencies of up to 32.5%.

地球迷信Geoscience

Effect of climate warming on the timing of autumn leaf senescence reverses after the su妹妹er solstice

天气变暖对于秋天叶片朽迈光阴的影响在夏至后逆转

▲ 作者：CONSTANTIN M. ZOHNER, LEILA MIRZAGHOLI et al.

▲ 链接：

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adf5098

▲ 摘要：

经由运用卫星
、地面、碳通量以及试验的数据，咱们发现季初变紧张季末变暖对于叶片朽迈有相同的影响 
，逆转个别在一年中最长的一天（夏至）之后爆发 。

在84%的南方森林地域
，冬至前温度以及植被行动的飞腾导致叶片朽迈的爆发光阴平均延迟1.9±0.1天每一摄氏度 ，而冬至后温度的飞腾使叶片朽迈不断光阴缩短2.6±0.1天每一摄氏度 。当初叶片朽迈开始光阴早以及妨碍慢的变更轨迹，影响了全部北半球妨碍季节光阴以及森林花难题的趋向
。

▲ Abstract：

Using satellite, ground, carbon flux, and experimental data, we show that early-season and late-season warming have opposite effects on leaf senescence, with a reversal occurring after the year’s longest day (the su妹妹er solstice). Across 84% of the northern forest area, increased temperature and vegetation activity before the solstice led to an earlier senescence onset of, on average, 1.9 ± 0.1 days per °C, whereas warmer post-solstice temperatures extended senescence duration by 2.6 ± 0.1 days per °C. The current trajectories toward an earlier onset and slowed progression of senescence affect Northern Hemisphere–wide trends in growing-season length and forest productivity.

古生物学Paleobiology

Paleoenvironments shaped the exchange of terrestrial vertebrates across Wallace’s Line

古情景抉择了陆生脊椎植物逾越华莱士线的变更情景

▲ 作者 ：A. SKEELS, L. M. BOSCHMAN et al.

▲ 链接：

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adf7122

▲ 摘要 ：

在此，运用地舆天气以及生物多样性模子对于20000多种脊椎植物的合成展现，普遍的降水耐受性以及散漫能耐是逾越该地域深时降水梯度交流的关键 。Sundanian（西北亚）谱系在相似于华莱士区湿润的“垫脚石”的天气中进化，增长了Sahulian（澳大利亚）大陆架的殖夷易近化。

相同
，Sahulian谱系次若是在干燥的条件下进化的，这拦阻了在巽他的组成 
，并塑造了植物的配合性 。咱们揭示了以前情景条件的顺应历史若何塑造不同过错称的殖夷易近化以及全天下生物地舆妄想 。

▲ Abstract ：

Here, analysis of more than 20,000 vertebrate species with a model of geoclimate and biological diversification shows that broad precipitation tolerance and dispersal ability were key for exchange across the deep-time precipitation gradient spanning the region. Sundanian (Southeast Asian) lineages evolved in a climate similar to the humid “stepping stones” of Wallacea, facilitating colonization of the Sahulian (Australian) continental shelf. By contrast, Sahulian lineages predominantly evolved in drier conditions, hampering establishment in Sunda and shaping faunal distinctiveness. We demonstrate how the history of adaptation to past environmental conditions shapes asy妹妹etrical colonization and global biogeographic structure.